The Transition. Convergence and discrepancy in the international and national press coverage of Spain’s major postwar international news export

The role of the national and foreign press in the news coverage of the Spanish transition to democracy (1975-1978) has been a constant reference in the historical study of the period of political change after the end of the Francoist dictatorship. In this article we present the general results of three research projects concerning the role of the foreign press, of the Spanish daily press and the magazine marketin which we can observe both convergence and discrepance in the news narrative, editorial behaviour and political standpoints. The greater independence and informative freedom of the foreign press contrasts with the proximity of the Spanish press to both King and government with the exception of the critical support to reform expressed in both the new political magazines and newspapers during the first few months of the process of political change.El papel de la prensa nacional y extranjera en la cobertura informativa de la Transición española a la democracia (1975-1978) ha sido una referencia constante en la historiografía del período de cambio político en España tras el final de la dictadura de Franco, así como en la cultura periodística. En este artículo presentamos los resultados generales de tres proyectos de investigación sobre el papel de la prensa extranjera, de la prensa diaria española y de la prensa no diaria enlos que se pueden comprobar convergencias y discrepancias en el relato informativo, las valoraciones editoriales y los posicionamientos políticos. La mayor independencia y libertad informativa de la prensa extranjera contrasta con la proximidad de la prensa española al rey y al gobierno, con la excepción del apoyo crítico a la reforma de las nuevas revistas políticas y los diarios surgidos en los primeros meses del proceso de cambio político

Cómo realizar una osteotomía tridimensional de la rodilla. Estudio preliminar del cálculo matemático

Introducción: La osteotomía tridimensional de la rodilla es una osteotomía planoblicua que consigue, en un solo gesto quirúrgico, corregir la deformidad en los tres planos del espacio. Objetivo: Se plantea el estudio matemático ya que en la práctica clínica es habitual su realización de manera intuitiva. Material y Método: Se ha tomado, como variables del estudio, la angulación de la osteotomía en los diferentes planos del espacio así como la derrotación realizada. Resultados: Se presenta la fórmula matemática desarrollada a partir del cálculo matricial. Mediante ésta, se puede plantear un sistema de ecuaciones con tres incógnitas y con una solución única, múltiple o sin solución. Discusión: Si se realiza un corte con una ligera inclinación posterior se puede corregir, a la vez, el genu varo y la torsión (situación muy frecuente en la práctica clínica). El hecho de estandarizar y cuantificar este proceso nos permite adaptar el uso de navegadores a esta cirugía.Introduction: Fitted tridimensional osteotomy of the knee allows in one surgical step to correct all three deformities. The aim of the study is to find the mathematical procedure in order to correct the torsional and angular deformity. Material and method: We have used some values like the osteotomy angulation in diferent situations and the derrotation performed. Results: We have used the matritial calculation to find the mathematical formula. We can get an equation system with trhee variables. It can have a simple solution, multiple or no solution. Discusion: If we make the cut with a slight posterior inclination we can correct in one step genu varo and torsion (common clinical situation). It´s important to standarize and quantify this process because of the adaptation the use of navegators in this surgery.Peer Reviewe

Bleeding and thrombotic complications associated with anticoagulation prior to lung transplantation: A case series

Background: Scarce data is available on therapeutic anticoagulation (AC) in patients undergoing pulmonary transplantation. We describe our institutional experience with AC-induced coagulopathy in recipients at the time of transplantation and evaluate its impact on posttransplant outcomes. Methods: Records of adult patients on therapeutic AC at the time of lung transplantation from January 2014 to July 2021 were reviewed. Administration of preoperative pharmacologic reversal was assessed, with adequate reversal defined as international normalized ratio (INR) ≤1.5. We evaluated the incidence of major bleeding complications [delayed sternal closure, reoperation due to bleeding, chest tube output ≥1,500 cc, ≥4 units of packed red blood cells, ≥4 units of platelets, or ≥5 units of fresh frozen plasma (FFP)], major thrombotic complications [venous thromboembolism (VTE) or other major thrombosis on imaging], and inpatient mortality. Results: Of 602 lung transplant recipients, 10 patients taking preoperative warfarin were included in the study. While most patients received pharmacologic reversal preoperatively (n=9, 90%), successful reversal was rarely achieved (n=3, 30%). Inadequate INR reversal was associated with major bleeding events (n=6, 60%). Major thrombotic complications were more frequent (n=7, 70%) than bleeding events. Notably, all fatalities within the cohort (n=2, 20%) were associated with thrombotic, but not bleeding, complications. Conclusions: This is the first known report on the incidence and impact of AC-induced coagulopathy in patients undergoing lung transplantation. Major thrombotic events are frequent and associated with high mortality. Routine surveillance and treatment may be warranted

Utilizing computed tomography volumetry for size matching prior to lung transplantation: A case series

BACKGROUND: Appropriate size matching between donor and recipient is critical for successful pulmonary transplantation. Although surrogate measurements such as height and gender are often utilized to approximate predicted lung volume, these methods provide only a gross estimation with wide variability and poor predictive value. CASE DESCRIPTION: A single center exploratory study was conducted in which four patients underwent lung transplantation (LT) with pre-operative computed tomography (CT) volumetry obtained in both the donor and recipient to facilitate decision making regarding organ size and suitability. In four cases in which CT volumetry was used, the lung volumes calculated using surrogate measurements significantly overestimated both donor and recipient lung volumes quantified by CT volumetric analysis. All recipients underwent successful LT without necessary graft downsizing. CONCLUSIONS: This is an initial report of prospectively utilizing CT volumetry as an adjunct to decision-making regarding suitability of donor lungs. In these cases, CT volumetry facilitated the confident acceptance of donor lungs that were initially predicted to be oversized based on other clinical measures

Multi-drug resistance, inappropriate initial antibiotic therapy and mortality in Gram-negative severe sepsis and septic shock: A retrospective cohort study

INTRODUCTION: The impact of in vitro resistance on initially appropriate antibiotic therapy (IAAT) remains unclear. We elucidated the relationship between non-IAAT and mortality, and between IAAT and multi-drug resistance (MDR) in sepsis due to Gram-negative bacteremia (GNS). METHODS: We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study of adult intensive care unit patients with bacteremia and severe sepsis/septic shock caused by a gram-negative (GN) organism. We identified the following MDR pathogens: MDR P. aeruginosa, extended spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing organisms. IAAT was defined as exposure within 24 hours of infection onset to antibiotics active against identified pathogens based on in vitro susceptibility testing. We derived logistic regression models to examine a) predictors of hospital mortality and b) impact of MDR on non-IAAT. Proportions are presented for categorical variables, and median values with interquartile ranges (IQR) for continuous. RESULTS: Out of 1,064 patients with GNS, 351 (29.2%) did not survive hospitalization. Non-survivors were older (66.5 (55, 73.5) versus 63 (53, 72) years, P = 0.036), sicker (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (19 (15, 25) versus 16 (12, 19), P <0.001), and more likely to be on pressors (odds ratio (OR) 2.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.12 to 3.68), mechanically ventilated (OR 3.06, 95% CI 2.29 to 4.10) have MDR (10.0% versus 4.0%, P <0.001) and receive non-IAAT (43.4% versus 14.6%, P <0.001). In a logistic regression model, non-IAAT was an independent predictor of hospital mortality (adjusted OR 3.87, 95% CI 2.77 to 5.41). In a separate model, MDR was strongly associated with the receipt of non-IAAT (adjusted OR 13.05, 95% CI 7.00 to 24.31). CONCLUSIONS: MDR, an important determinant of non-IAAT, is associated with a three-fold increase in the risk of hospital mortality. Given the paucity of therapies to cover GN MDRs, prevention and development of new agents are critical

Assessment of the genetic risks of a metallic alloy used in medical implants

The use of artificial implants provides a palliative or permanent solution for individuals who have lost some bodily function through disease, an accident or natural wear. This functional loss can be compensated for by the use of medical devices produced from special biomaterials. Titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) is a well-established primary metallic biomaterial for orthopedic implants, but the toxicity of the chemical components of this alloy has become an issue of concern. In this work, we used the MTT assay and micronucleus assay to examine the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, respectively, of an extract obtained from this alloy. The MTT assay indicated that the mitochondrial activity and cell viability of CHO-K1 cells were unaffected by exposure to the extract. However, the micronucleus assay revealed DNA damage and an increase in micronucleus frequency at all of the concentrations tested. These results show that ions released from Ti-6Al-4V alloy can cause DNA and nuclear damage and reinforce the importance of assessing the safety of metallic medical devices constructed from biomaterials

The Transition. Convergence and discrepancy in the international and national press coverage of Spain’s major postwar international news export

The role of the national and foreign press in the news coverage of the Spanish transition to democracy (1975-1978) has been a constant reference in the historical study of the period of political change after the end of the Francoist dictatorship. In this article we present the general results of three research projects concerning the role of the foreign press, of the Spanish daily press and the magazine marketin which we can observe both convergence and discrepance in the news narrative, editorial behaviour and political standpoints. The greater independence and informative freedom of the foreign press contrasts with the proximity of the Spanish press to both King and government with the exception of the critical support to reform expressed in both the new political magazines and newspapers during the first few months of the process of political change.El papel de la prensa nacional y extranjera en la cobertura informativa de la Transición española a la democracia (1975-1978) ha sido una referencia constante en la historiografía del período de cambio político en España tras el final de la dictadura de Franco, así como en la cultura periodística. En este artículo presentamos los resultados generales de tres proyectos de investigación sobre el papel de la prensa extranjera, de la prensa diaria española y de la prensa no diaria enlos que se pueden comprobar convergencias y discrepancias en el relato informativo, las valoraciones editoriales y los posicionamientos políticos. La mayor independencia y libertad informativa de la prensa extranjera contrasta con la proximidad de la prensa española al rey y al gobierno, con la excepción del apoyo crítico a la reforma de las nuevas revistas políticas y los diarios surgidos en los primeros meses del proceso de cambio político